Governor Winthrop Wonders Why God Dimishes the Natives

The Beaver
1629 - 1634


Rumors of an Indian conspiracy to expel the fledgling colony rise periodically. The Massachusett are beginning to recoup their numbers decimated in the Great Sickness but are still too few to pose a serious threat. The southern New England tribes – Wampanoag, Narragansett and Pequot – have thousands of warriors. Besides enforcing a ban on the sale of arms to Indians, Boston colonists form a militia company commanded by master gunner John Underhill. Nat Steele serves as Captain Underhill’s second-in-command. Adam Trane and Jacques Petit enroll as scouts and interpreters.

In winter 1633/34, any immediate threat from the Indians vanishes when a smallpox epidemic sweeps through their ranks. One of the first victims is fifty-seven-year-old Chitanawoo, last sachem of the Shawmut, who survived the horrors of the Great Sickness. A week later, Chickataubut dies at his village in Blue Hills. Only two English families are affected by the epidemic that spreads to the Wampanoag and Narragansett, until now mercifully spared from European diseases.
 
New England Indigenous People
 
Observes Governor Winthrop: “If God was not pleased with our inhabiting these parts, why did He drive out the natives before us? And why does He still make room for us by diminishing them as we increase?”

No person shows greater solicitude toward the Indians than a gray-haired Englishwoman who enters the wigwams on Boston Common, separating the living from the dead and carrying them into the open.

Agnes Steele selflessly devotes herself to caring for victims of the epidemic. She enlists the help of Recompense West, the pair working at the Indian camp on the Common and crossing the Neck to Blue Hills, where two-thirds of Chickataubut’s band is wiped out. – A stricken Jacques Petit owes his survival to the help he gets from Agnes.

Thomas sees the hand of God raised against the devil in New England. It disturbs him to witness his mother nursing the natives with a notorious sinner at her side, but he keeps silent. Nat is personally involved with Samuel Maverick in aiding native groups north of the Charles.

At Blue Hills, the survivors of the Massachusett greet Agnes Steele as a manitou of mercy. As is custom among their people, they honor the Englishwoman with a praise name. “Chitanawoo,” they call Agnes, not only in memory of their beloved tribeswoman, but a fitting tribute to one they see as equally Strong-and-Bold.

When the epidemic passes, Agnes visits the Frog Pond on Boston Common, walking beside the shimmering pool. She is not alone, sensing the presence of Chitanawoo, whose spirit will live forever at Sha-um-ut. Once on a moonlit night, Agnes catches sight, too, of Oshuam, Old Dog, waiting patiently for his young master.
 
 
Frog Pond in the late 19th Cen

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